Ngaba izinto ezahlukeneyo zingayiphucula na imeko yokuqina kwesixhobo samazinyo?

Ewe, izinto ezahlukeneyo ziphucuka kakhuluIzixhobo Zokulungisa AmazinyoUkuqina. Zinika amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye nobomi bokudinwa. Ukukhethaumgangatho wentsimbi engagqwaliyo ongcono kakhulu wezixhobo zezandla ze-orthodontic, umzekelo, ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi babo.Izixhobo Zotyando Zentsimbi Engagqwaliyoukubonelela ngesiseko, kodwa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ziyayiphucula indlela esebenza ngayo.Izixhobo ze-Tungsten Carbide Orthodonticzinika ubunzima obuphezulu kwimisebenzi yokusika. Ukuqonda la mahluko kwizinto ezibonakalayo kunceda abantu abasebenzayo bafundeUngakhetha njani iipliers zamazinyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu?kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibalulekileyo. Eli nqaku lihlola indlela ukhetho lwezinto eziphathekayo oluchaphazela ngayo ngokuthe ngqo ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwezi zixhobo zibalulekileyo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Izinto ezahlukeneyo zenza izixhobo zokulungisa amazinyo zihlale ixesha elide. Izinto ezomeleleyo ziyamelana nomonakalo obangelwa kukusetyenziswa nokucocwa.
• Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ixhaphakile, kodwa ukongeza i-tungsten carbide kwenza izixhobo zibe nzima kakhulu. Oku kuzinceda zisike ngcono kwaye zihlale zibukhali.
• I-Titanium ilungele izixhobo ezifuna ukuguquguquka nokumelana nokugqwala. Ikwakhuselekile nakubantu abane-allergies.
• Indlela izixhobo ezenziwe ngayo ichaphazela ixesha ezihlala ngalo. Iinkqubo ezinje ngokubumba kunye nonyango lobushushu zenza izixhobo zibe namandla ngakumbi.
• Izixhobo ezimelana nokugqwala nokuguguleka zihlala ziluncedo ixesha elide. Unyango oluhle lomphezulu lunceda ekuzikhuseleni ekonakaleni.

Ukuqonda Ukuqina Kwizixhobo Zonyango Lwamazinyo

Ukuchaza Ukuqina Kwesixhobo

Ukuqina kwesixhobo kuchaza amandla esixhobo okunyamezela ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, imijikelo yokubulala iintsholongwane, kunye nemingeni yokusingqongileyo ngaphandle kokonakala okukhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba isixhobo sigcina imo yaso yokuqala, ukusebenza, kunye nobukhali ixesha elide. Isixhobo esihlala ixesha elide siyamelana nokuguguleka, ukubola, kunye nokudinwa. Sisebenza ngokuthembekileyo kulo lonke ixesha lokusebenza kwaso elilindelekileyo. Olu mgangatho luqinisekisa ukusebenza rhoqo kwiimeko zonyango.

Izinto Ezichaphazela Ubomi Besixhobo

Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela ixesha elichithwa yisixhobo sokusebenza kwamazinyo.ukwakheka kwezintoyeyona nto iphambili. Iialloy eziphezulu zibonelela ngokumelana ngcono noxinzelelo kunye nokugqwala. Iinkqubo zokwenza nazo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ukwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo lobushushu kuphucula amandla esixhobo. Ukongeza, iindlela zokuphatha nokugcina ezifanelekileyo ziyandisa kakhulu ubomi besixhobo. Ukucocwa okungalunganga, ukubulala iintsholongwane, okanye ukugcinwa kunokukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kunye nokonakala. Ukuphindaphinda kokusetyenziswa kukwachaphazela ubomi; izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo zihlala ziguguleka kakhulu ngokwendalo.

Kutheni ukuhlala ixesha elide kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kweklinikhi

Ukuqina kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezonyango kwi-orthodontics. Izixhobo ezihlala ixesha elide zinciphisa isidingo sokutshintshwa rhoqo, nto leyo egcina iindleko zokuziqhelanisa. Ziqinisekisa ukusebenza okulinganayo nokuchanekileyo ngexesha leenkqubo, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo iziphumo zonyango. Xa izixhobo zigcina ukuthembeka kwazo, oogqirha banokuthemba izixhobo zabo. Oku kukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakuhle nangokungaphelelwa lixesha kwesitulo. Ngaphezu koko, ukomelelaIzixhobo Zokulungisa Amazinyoigalelo kukhuseleko lwesigulana ngokunciphisa umngcipheko wokwaphuka okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngexesha lonyango. Ukutyala imali kwizixhobo ezihlala ixesha elide ekugqibeleni kuxhasa imeko-bume yezonyango esebenza kakuhle nethembekileyo.

Izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zezixhobo ze-Dental Orthodontic kunye nokuqina kwazo

Iipropati zeNtsimbi Engagqwaliyo kunye nokuqina kwayo

Intsimbi engagqwaliyo isasoloko isisiseko sezixhobo ezininzi ze-Dental Orthodontic. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kuvela kukulinganisela kwamandla, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Abavelisi badla ngokusebenzisa iintlobo ezithile zentsimbi engagqwaliyo, ingakumbiUthotho lwe-300, kwiinxalenye ezahlukeneyo ze-orthodontic. Umzekelo, iinkampani ezifana ne-G & H Wire Company zisebenzisa i-AJ Wilcock Australian wire (AJW) eyenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwali engama-300. I-TruForce SS (TRF) ye-Ortho Technology kunye ne-Masel Ortho Organizers Inc. ye-Penta-One wire (POW) zombini zisebenzisa i-AISI 304 stainless steel. I-Highland Metals Inc. ikwavelisa ii-SS arch wires (SAW) ezivela kwi-AISI 304, njengoko kunjalo ne-Dentaurum ene-Remanium (REM) yayo.

Ii-alloys zentsimbi engagqwaliyo zinomlinganiselo wePoisson we-0.29, umlinganiselo wokuba izinto ziyanda kangakanani ngokuthe nkqo kwicala lokucinezelwa. Ezi ntambo zikwabonisa ubunzima obuphezulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto ezifana ne-titanium molybdenum alloys (TMA) kunye ne-nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti). Obu bunzima bunegalelo ekuqineni kwazo kunye nokukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo loomatshini.

Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yodidi lwezonyango yenzelwe ngokukodwakwizixhobo zonyango. Ihlangabezana nemigangatho engqongqo yokumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo. Olu xhathiso lubalulekile kuba izixhobo zidibana nezisombululo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane. Kwizicelo zamazinyo, intsimbi engagqwaliyo kufuneka ibonise ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuhambelana okuqinileyo kwezinto eziphilayo, kunye namandla aphezulu. Kufuneka igcine inkangeleko yayo emva kokusetyenziswa ixesha elide emlonyeni. Amanqanaba afana ne-304 kunye ne-304L anikezela ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kunye neempawu zoomatshini. Amanqanaba e-304L anomxholo ophantsi wekhabhoni, okunciphisa ukuhla kwe-carbide ngexesha lokuwelda.

Nangona kunjalo, imeko-bume yomlomo inemingeni eyahlukileyo.Iintsholongwane ezithethwa ngomlomo zinokukhawulezisa kakhulu ukugqwalaUmzekelo, yentsimbi engagqwaliyo engama-316L. I-subgingival microbiota yenza ii-biofilms ezininzi kwiindawo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Ezi biofilms zikhokelela ekugqwaleni okukhawulezileyo ngokusebenzisa ii-metabolites ze-acidic kunye nokudluliselwa kwe-electron yangaphandle. Le corrosion echaphazeleka yi-microbiologically (MIC) ikhupha ii-ion zesinyithi ezifana ne-chromium kunye ne-nickel. Ukukhululwa okunjalo kubeka iingozi zempilo kwaye kuchaphazela impilo yendawo kunye neyenkqubo. Ke ngoko, nangona ixhathisa, umsebenzi webhayoloji womlomo ucelomngeni ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo yezonyango.

Ii-Tungsten Carbide Inserts zokuphucula ukuqina

Abavelisi badla ngokuphucula ukuqina kwezixhobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo ngokongeza izinto zokufaka i-tungsten carbide. I-tungsten carbide yinto eqinileyo kakhulu. Iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kweendawo zokusika nokubamba kwi-pliers nakwi-cutters.ukufakwa kweengcebiso ze-tungsten carbide kwizixhobo zokusika iingcingo zotyandoZiphucula ngokuthe ngqo ukuqina kwazo kunye nokuchaneka kokusika. Ezi zinto zifakelwayo zonyusa ubulukhuni kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Zandisa kakhulu ubomi bokusebenza kwesixhobo. Zikwagcina ukuthembeka komgangatho ngokuhamba kwexesha.

I-Tungsten carbide inserts kwimiphetho yokusikaIipliers zamazinyo ezisebenzisa amazinyo ziyenza ihlale ixesha elide kakhulu. Ziphucula amandla eepliers okunqumla iintambo ezithambileyo neziqinileyo ngokulula. Le nto iyakwazi ukumelana nokuguguleka. Imelana noxinzelelo lokusika izinto eziqinileyo. Oku kunceda ngokuthe ngqo ekuphuculeni ukugcinwa kwazo.

Ii-Titanium kunye ne-Titanium Alloys zoBomi obude

I-Titanium kunye nee-alloys zayo zibonelela ngeempawu ezibalaseleyo kwiZixhobo ezithile ze-Dental Orthodontic, ingakumbi apho ukuguquguquka, ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo, kunye nokumelana nokugqwala okugqithisileyo kubaluleke kakhulu.

• I-Modulus ephantsi ye-Elasticity: I-modulus yeTitanium yokuthamba isondele kakhulu kwethambo. Oku kunceda ukusasazwa ngokufanelekileyo koxinzelelo loomatshini. Ngelixa ii-alloys zetitanium zihlala zine-modulus ephezulu kune-titanium ecocekileyo, ii-beta alloys ezithile zenzelwe i-modulus esezantsi. Oku kuzenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwe-orthodontic ezifuna ukuguquguquka kunye namandla aqhubekayo.
• Ukumelana Nokugqwala Kwi-Oral Cavity: I-Titanium kunye nee-alloys zayo zibonisa ukumelana okuphezulu kakhulu nokugqwala kwizisombululo ze-physiological. Oku kuyinyani nangona kukho utshintsho olukhulu kwi-pH kunye nobushushu, kunye nokuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo emlonyeni. Ifilimu ye-titanium oxide (TiO₂) ekhuselayo iyenzeka ngokukhawuleza kumphezulu wesinyithi. Le filimu iphinda ingasebenzi ngokuzenzekelayo xa iphazamisekile.

Nantsi uthelekiso lwee-alloys ze-titanium kunye nentsimbi engagqwaliyo:

Ii-alloys zeTitanium zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezithile ze-orthodontic:

• Iintambo ze-Orthodontic: Ii-alloy ze-Beta titanium (umz., i-TMA) ziyathandwa. Zinika i-modulus ethambileyo neqhubekayo, zibonelela ngamandla athambileyo naqhubekayo. Zikwanayo nomda ophezulu we-elastic, ovumela uluhlu olukhulu lwe-deformation. Ukwakheka kwazo okuhle kunye nokuhambelana kwazo kuzenza zibe zilungele. Iingcali zonyango zihlala zizisebenzisa ukulungisa izinto ezincinci kumanqanaba okugqibela e-orthodontics.
• Izibiyeli ze-Orthodontic: Izibiyeli zesinyithi zeTitanium zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizigulane ezine-allergies ze-nickel. Zibonelela ngokuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo kunye namandla aneleyo.

Izixhobo zeCeramic kwiZixhobo ezithile ze-Dental Orthodontic

Izixhobo zeseramikhi zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezikhethekileyo kwizixhobo ezithile ze-Dental Orthodontic, ingakumbi xa ubuhle kunye neempawu ezithile zoomatshini zibalulekile.iiseramikhi zokwenza izibiyelikunye neziqhoboshelo kunyango lwamazinyo.I-Alumina kunye ne-zirconia zizinto eziqhelekileyo ezikhethwayo kwi-ceramicZibonelela ngeendlela ezihlala ixesha elide nezinomtsalane xa kuthelekiswa nezibiyeli zesinyithi. Ezi zinto zidibana kakuhle nombala wendalo wamazinyo, nto leyo ezenza zithandwe kakhulu kwizigulana ezikhetha izixhobo ezingabonwayo kangako.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuqina kokuqhekeka kweebrakethi zeseramikhi yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Ukuqina kokuqhekeka kuchaza amandla ezinto zokuxhathisa ukuqhekeka. Iibrakethi zeMonocrystalline, ezifana neInspire ICE™, zibonisa ukumelana okuphezulu nokuqhekeka kwephiko lokubopha. Oku kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amakhulu ngaphandle kokusilela. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iibrakethi zeseramikhi ezicacileyo ze-hybrid, ezifana neDISCREET™, zibonisa ukumelana okuphantsi nokuqhekeka kwephiko lokubopha. Umahluko omkhulu wezibalo kumandla okuqhekeka ukho kumaqela ahlukeneyo ebrakethi. Oku kubonisa ukuba zombini uphawu kunye nolwakhiwo lwebrakethi zichaphazela amandla okubopha kwephiko.

Imeko yomphezulu kunye nobukhulu bezinto nazo zizinto ezibalulekileyo. Zichaphazela amandla okuxinana kweeseramikhi. Umonakalo womphezulu, njengokukrwela, uchaphazela kakhulu iibrakethi zekristale enye. Iibrakethi zePolycrystalline azichaphazeleki kangako ngumonakalo onjalo. UScott GE, Jr. uthethe ngokuthe ngqo ngengcamango yokuqina kokuqhekeka kwiibrakethi zeseramikhi kwinqaku eliphambili elinesihloko esithi'Ukuqina kwamathambo kunye nokuqhekeka komphezulu - isitshixo sokuqonda izibiyeli zeseramikhi'(1988). Olu phando lugxininisa ukubaluleka kwesayensi yezinto eziphathekayo ekuyileni izinto ezithembekileyo ze-ceramic orthodontic.

Ii-Alloys ezikhethekileyo zokuqina okulungiselelweyo

Ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo zibonelela ngokuqina okulungiselelwe iimfuno ezithile zamazinyo. Ezi zinto ziphambili zibonelela ngeempawu eziphuculweyo ngaphaya kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo eqhelekileyo.

• Intsimbi engagqwaliyo ye-17-7 PHineempawu zokuqinisa imvula. Inamandla okutyhafaI-500–1000 MPa kunye ne-elastic modulus ye-190–210 GPa. Ubunzima bayo buqala kwi-150–250 HV, kunye nobude be-10–20%. Le ngxubevange ixabisa kancinci kwaye ifumaneka ngokubanzi. Inika amandla aneleyo kunye nokuqina kwi-orthodontics. Kulula ukuyenza, kuba inokudityaniswa kwaye inokwenziwa.
• Iingcingo zeSinyithi Esingenasicingokubanzi zinamandla okutsalwa angama-1000–1800 MPa kunye ne-elastic modulus engama-180–200 GPa. Ziqinile, zingabizi kakhulu, kwaye kulula ukuzigoba. Zinika amandla aphezulu okuvala indawo.
• Iingcingo zeNickel-Titanium (NiTi)Zibonisa amandla okutsalwa angama-900–1200 MPa kunye ne-elastic modulus engama-30–70 GPa. Iingenelo zazo eziphambili ziquka i-superelasticity, evumela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8% yoxinzelelo olunokubuyiswa. Zikwabonelela ngamandla okukhanya aqhubekayo, nto leyo ezenza zilungele ukulungelelaniswa kokuqala kunye nentuthuzelo yesigulana.
• I-Beta-Titanium (i-Ti-Mo, i-TMA)Inika amandla okutsalwa angama-800–1000 MPa kunye ne-elastic modulus engama-70–100 GPa. Ayina nickel, nto leyo eyenza ifaneleke kwizigulana ezine-allergy. Ikwalungele ukwakheka kwaye ifanelekile ukugqiba amanqanaba onyango.
• Iingcingo zeCobalt-Chromium OrthodonticZinganyangwa kubushushu ukuze zilungelelaniswe amandla. Zinamandla okutsalwa angama-800–1400 MPa.

Ngaphandle kwezi, ezinye iintsimbi ezingenasici eziphambili zibonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu:

• I-455® Engenasici eyenziwe ngokwezifisoyi-alloy ye-martensitic, eqina ngokuguga. Inikaamandla aphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-HRC 50), ukuguguleka okuhle, kunye nokuqina. Abavelisi bayayixabisa izixhobo zamazinyo ezincinci nezintsonkothileyo. Oku kungenxa yotshintsho lwayo oluncinci xa iqiniswa, olugcina ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo.
• I-465® Engagqwaliyo Ngokwezifisoyi-alloy ye-martensitic ekumgangatho ophezulu, eqina ixesha elide. Iinjineli ziyile ukuze ibe namandla agqithisileyo kunye nokuqina, kwaye inamandla okutsalwa angaphezulu kwama-250 ksi. Ilungele izinto ze-orthodontic ezijongene noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Inika ukuthembeka okungenakuthelekiswa nanto, ukuqina kokuqhekeka okuphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka koku ...

Intsimbi engagqwaliyo yodidi lotyando iyinxalenye yomqolo wezixhobo ezininzi zokulungisa amazinyo ezihlala ixesha elide. Inika amandla nokuqina okugqwesileyo. Iindidi ezithile ziquka:

• Iintsimbi Ezingenasici zaseAusteniticEzi zizinto eziphambili kwiinxalenye ezininzi ze-orthodontic. Imizekelo ibandakanya:AISI 302, AISI 304, AISI 316, AISI 316L, kunye ne-AISI 304LEzi zinto ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka ngokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.
• Iintsimbi eziNgenazintsimbi zeMartensitic: Zinika amandla aphezulu kunye nobunzima. Zifanelekile kwizixhobo ezifuna imiphetho ebukhali kunye nolwakhiwo oluqinileyo.
• Iintsimbi Ezingagqwaliyo Eziqinisa Umswakama (umz., 17-4 PH)Ezi zibonelela ngeempawu zoomatshini ezibalaseleyo. Zihlala zikhethwa kwizibiyeli ze-orthodontic.

I-Titanium kunye nee-alloys eziphambili zibonelela ngeempawu zokusebenza eziphuculweyo:

• Ii-NiTi Alloys (iNickel-Titanium): Isetyenziselwa iingcingo ze-orthodontic ngenxa ye-superelasticity kunye nememori yesimo. Zibuyela kwimo yazo yokuqala kwaye zisebenzise amandla angaguquguqukiyo.
• I-Titanium Molybdenum Alloy (TMA): Inika ulungelelwano lokuguquguquka namandla.
• Iialloy zeTitanium: Zibonelela ngokuhambelana okuphezulu kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Oku kungenxa yefilimu ezinzileyo ye-titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Le filimu inciphisa ukudumba kunye nokukhululwa kwe-ion yesinyithi. Zinomlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla ukuya kubunzima. Zikhaphukhaphu kunentsimbi engatyiwayo kodwa zinika amandla afanayo okanye angaphezulu. Ii-alloys ze-beta titanium kwii-archwires zibonelela nge-modulus ephantsi ye-elastic, umda ophezulu we-elastic, kunye nokwakheka okuhle kwamandla aqhubekayo. Iibrakethi zeTitanium zifanelekile kwizigulane ezine-allergy ye-nickel. I-Titanium nayo ayinamandla emagnethi, nto leyo eluncedo ekuhambelaneni ne-MRI.

Indlela Iimpawu zezinto ezibonakalayo ezichaphazela ngayo izixhobo zamazinyo ze-orthodontic ixesha elide

Iimpawu zezinto ezibonakalayo zimisela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba zingakanani ixeshaIzixhobo Zokulungisa Amazinyo Zisasebenza NgokufanelekileyoEzi mpawu zilawula amandla esixhobo okumelana nokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla, ukubulala iintsholongwane, kunye nomlomo onzima. Ukuqonda ezi mpawu kunceda oogqirha bakhethe izixhobo ezibonelela ngokusebenza okuthembekileyo kunye nobomi obude.

Ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nobomi bezixhobo

Ukumelana nokugqwala kubaluleke kakhuluIpropati yezinto ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zamazinyo. Ichaza amandla ezinto ezisetyenziswayo okumelana nokuwohloka ngenxa yeempembelelo zeekhemikhali ezichaphazela indawo ezikuyo. Izixhobo zihlala zidibana namathe, igazi, izibulali-ntsholongwane, kunye neearhente zokubulala iintsholongwane. Ezi zinto zinokubangela ukubola, nto leyo ebuthathaka isixhobo kwaye ibeke emngciphekweni umsebenzi waso.

I-Passivation iphucula kakhulu ukumelana nokugqwalaizixhobo zentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Olu nyango lomphezulu wekhemikhali lususa amasuntswana esinyithi kumphezulu. Ludala ifilimu encinci, ekhuselayo ye-oxide. Ukuntywiliselwa kwizisombululo ze-asidi ebuthathaka, ezifana ne-citric okanye i-nitric acid, kwenza le nkqubo. Ukukhupha umoya yindlela yokucoca, kungekhona ukuvala. Emva kokucoca, ukuvezwa emoyeni kwenza umaleko we-oxide wendalo. Olu maleko lunika umhlwa onamandla kunye neempawu ezimelana nokuguguleka. Yenza izixhobo zonyango, kuquka izixhobo ze-orthodontic, zikwazi ukumelana nokugguleka. Oku kwandisa ubomi bazo kwaye kugcina inkangeleko yazo. Ukukhupha umoya kususa izinto ezingcolisayo kwaye kumise umaleko we-oxide ozinzileyo. Kuphucula ukusebenza kwezixhobo, kunciphisa ukuguguleka, kwaye kunciphisa isidingo sokutshintshwa. Le nkqubo iqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zinyamezela ukubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphandle kokuwohloka.

Ukucoca nge-electropolishing kuphucula nokumelana nokugqwalazezixhobo ze-orthodontic. Le ndlela igudisa umphezulu ngaphandle kwezixhobo zoomatshini. Ikhusela umaleko womphezulu kwiinguqu zesakhiwo. Oku kukhokelela ekungangeni ngokulinganayo. Ukungangeni okufanayo kukhusela izinto ekungcoleni. Kuphucula ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kwaye kunciphisa ukungalungelelani komphezulu. Oku kungagxininisa uxinzelelo kwaye kuqalise ukuqhekeka. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukupholisha ngombane kuphucula iipropati zokulwa nokungcola. Imiphezulu iba nokumelana nokungcola kwemigodi xa kuthelekiswa nemiphezulu epholishwe ngoomatshini. Kwi-archwires ze-NiTi, ukupholisha ngombane kunciphisa umxholo we-nickel ngelixa kunyusa i-titanium. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokungazivani kwe-nickel. Kukwaphucula ukumelana nokungcola kwaye kwenza kube lula ukucoca. Kususa iindawo apho iintsholongwane zinokuqokelelana khona. Ukupholisha ngombane kunciphisa ipesenti yesinyithi kwaye kwandisa i-chromium kumphezulu. Oku kunegalelo ekwenzeni umaleko ongasebenziyo onokumelana nokungcola okwandileyo.

Nangona ezi ndlela zonyango zinjalo, ukugqwala kusenokwenzeka. Ukugqwala kwe-pitting kubonwe kumaqela e-SS ane-braided amathathu, i-SS ene-braided ezintandathu, kunye ne-Dead Soft retainer kwizisombululo ngexesha lovavanyo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amaqela e-Titanium Grade 1, i-Titanium Grade 5, kunye ne-Gold retainer awazange abonise monakalo wokugqwala ngokwasemzimbeni. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokugqwala, kuquka ukugqwala kwendawo, zibonwe kwizicucu ze-orthodontic ligature. Oku kwenzeke ngakumbi kuphawu lwe-ETM emva kokucoca i-autoclave kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane ngamakhemikhali. Nangona kunjalo, abacuci be-Hu-Friedy babonakalise ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.

Ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokunxiba ukuze kusebenze kakuhle

Ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwesixhobo, ingakumbi kwizixhobo zokusika nokubamba. Ukuqina kulinganisa ukumelana kwesixhobo nokubotshwa okanye ukukrwela. Ukumelana nokuguguleka kuchaza amandla aso okumelana nokuwohloka komphezulu ngenxa yokungqubana okanye ukukhuhlana.

Ukuqina okuphezulu kudla ngokunxulumana nokumelana nokuguguleka okungcono. Oku kubalulekile kwizixhobo ezihlangabezana nokungqubana noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo.Umzekelo, i-tungsten carbide inobunzima obuphezulu kwaye ayigugi kakhuluOku kunceda kakhulu ekuqineni kwezixhobo. Idayimani yePolycrystalline (PCD) inika ukugcinwa okuphezulu komphetho. Isika ngokufanelekileyo izinto eziqinileyo ezifana neeseramikhi kunye ne-zirconia.

Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba ii-diamond burs zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ekuhlukaniseni ii-lithium disilicate crowns xa kuthelekiswa nee-zirconia crowns. Oku kungenxa yobunzima bezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Izinto eziqinileyo ezifana ne-zirconia zonyusa ukungqubana. Oku kukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kweenkozo zedayimani kwaye kunciphisa ubomi bezixhobo. Olu phononongo luqaphele ukuba ukusebenzisa i-5YSZ zirconia, enobunzima obuphantsi kune-3Y-TZP, kubangele umahluko omncinci ekugugulekeni kwee-bur.

Uphando ngezinto zepolymeric zezixhobo ze-orthodontic lubandakanya uvavanyo lokukrwela kusetyenziswa i-Rockwell indenter. Ezi zilinganiso zobunzima bokukrwela, ezifunyenwe nge-contact profilometer, zibonise ulwalamano nobunzima be-Shore. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba udidi lokumelana nokuguguleka okutyibilikayo kufuneka luvavanywe ngokuzimeleyo. Oku kubonisa ukuba nangona ii-Rockwell indenters zisetyenziswa kuvavanyo lobunzima, ubudlelwane obuthe ngqo phakathi kwesikali sobunzima be-Rockwell kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka abuchazwanga ngokucacileyo njengolwalamano oluthe ngqo kwezi ziphumo. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa ubunzima, ezifana nobunzima bokuguguleka (njenge-Shore) kunye nobunzima bokukrwela, zinokuvelisa iziphumo ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto ngenxa yemigaqo yazo eyahlukileyo yokulinganisa.

Amandla okuThamba kunye nokumelana nokudinwa

Amandla okuxinana kunye nokumelana nokudinwa kubalulekile kwisakhiwo sesixhobo kunye nobude baso. Amandla okuxinana alinganisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu olunokumelana nalo sixhobo ngaphambi kokuba siqhekeke xa soluliwe okanye sitsalwa. Ukumelana nokudinwa kuchaza amandla esixhobo okunyamezela imijikelo ephindaphindayo yoxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Izixhobo zigoba ngokuphindaphindiweyo, zijijeka, kwaye zinqumle amandla ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

Ukulayisha nge-cyclic kuchaphazela kakhulu ukumelana nokudinwa kwezinto. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwizixhobo ezifana neefayile ze-endodontic. I-geometry yemijelo idlala indima. I-engile eyonyukileyo kunye ne-radius enciphileyo yokugoba kunciphisa kakhulu ukumelana nokudinwa nge-cyclic. Iifayile zibonisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka okuphantsi kwimijelo ene-engile ezibukhali kunye ne-radius esezantsi yokugoba. Oku kukhokelela kumandla amakhulu okuxinzelela kunye nokuxinana. Izinto zoyilo lwezixhobo, ububanzi, ukuthamba, isantya sokusebenza, kunye ne-torque zonke zinokuba negalelo ekusileleni kokudinwa.

Iinkqubo zokwenza izinto zikwachaphazela ubomi bokudinwa. Ukuqina komsebenzi ngexesha lokwenziwa kwezinto kunokubangela iindawo ezibuthathaka. Oku kunciphisa ubomi bokudinwa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukupholisha nge-electro kunokunyusa ukumelana nokudinwa. Kususa ukungalungelelani komphezulu kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ukulayisha nge-cyclic kukhokelela ekuqalisweni kweentanda kunye nokukhula kweentanda nge-transgranular ngokusebenzisa iibhendi ezityibilikayo. Ukuqonda ezi zinto kunceda iinjineli ukuba ziyile izixhobo ezimelana nokudinwa kwaye zihlale ixesha elide.

Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nempembelelo yokugqiba umphezulu

Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu kuchaphazela kakhulu ukuba i-Dental Orthodontic Instruments ihlala ixesha elingakanani ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza. Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kubhekisa kubuchule bezinto zokwenza umsebenzi wazo ngaphandle kokubangela impendulo embi emzimbeni. Oku kubalulekile kuba izixhobo zidibana ngqo nezicubu zomlomo kunye namathe. Umgangatho we-ANSI/ADA No. 41, onesihloko esithi "Uvavanyo lokuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kwizixhobo zonyango ezisetyenziswa kwi-Dentistry," ubonelela ngesakhelo esibalulekileyo sokuvavanya ezi zinto. I-FDA iyalela ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kwizixhobo zonyango ezichukumisa ulusu okanye izicubu zomlomo. Oku kuquka izinto ezifana neetreyi eziprintiweyo ngokuthe ngqo kunye neziseko zamazinyo okufakelwa ezisetyenziswa kwi-orthodontics.

Ukuze kufezekiswe udidi oluhambelanayo ne-biocompatible, izixhobo zivavanyelwa ngokungqongqo ngokusekelwe kwi-ISO 10993-1:2009. Ezi mvavanyo zivavanyela ubuthi be-cytotoxicity, ubuthi be-genotoxicity, kunye noxinzelelo olulibazisekileyo. Izixhobo zivavanyelwa novavanyo lwe-USP plastic class VI lokujonga ukurhawuzelelwa, ubuthi be-acute systemic, kunye nokufakelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo lwe-ISO, olufana ne-ISO 20795-1:2013 kwiipolymers zesiseko se-denture, olu vavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo azisonakalisi izigulane okanye zibangele ii-allergy.

Ukugqitywa komphezulu wesixhobo nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwaso ixesha elide kunye nokhuseleko lwesigulana.Umphezulu orhabaxa uphucula ukunamathela kwebhaktheriya. Yonyusa amandla angenamphezulu kwaye inika iindawo ezininzi apho iintsholongwane zinokunamathela khona. Oku kuthintela iikholoni zeentsholongwane ekuphumeni lula. Iindawo ezingalinganiyo kwizixhobo ze-orthodontic zenza iindawo ezongezelelweyo apho iintsholongwane zinokuzifihla khona. Oku kunokunyusa umthwalo weentsholongwane kwaye kuthande iintlobo ezinobungozi ezifanaii-mutans ze-S..Izimbobo zezinto ezisetyenziswa kwizibiyeli zikwabonelela ngendawo efanelekileyo yokuba iintsholongwane zincamathisele kwaye zenze ii-biofilms.

Izifundo zibonisa ukubaAmandla okunamathela kwe-streptococcal kwiiresini ze-orthodontic composite ayandanjengoko iindawo ezidityanisiweyo zisiba rhabaxa. Le mpembelelo yoburhabaxa bomphezulu kumandla okunamathela ikhula ngamandla ngokuhamba kwexesha. Uburhabaxa bomphezulu obudityanisiweyo buchaphazela amandla okunamathela ngeS. sanguinisngaphezu kokubaii-mutans ze-S.Izifundo ezininzi ziqinisekisa unxibelelwano oluhle phakathi kokunamathelana kwebhaktheriya kunye noburhabaxa be-submicron okanye be-micron scale. Amandla okunamathela phakathi kwebhaktheriya kunye neendawo ezine-submicron scale roughness ayanda njengoko uburhabaxa bukhula, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Iibhaktheriya zide zibonakalise ukuguquguquka okucacileyo xa zinamathela kwiindawo ezirhabaxa. Umphezulu ogudileyo, ocwebezelayo kwizixhobo unceda ukuthintela ukwakheka kwebhaktheriya. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo kwaye kwenza izixhobo zibe lula ukuzicoca nokuzicoca, nto leyo eyandisa ubomi bazo obuluncedo.

Iinkqubo zoMveliso kunye nokuQina kweZixhobo ze-Dental Orthodontic

Iinkqubo zokuvelisaIchaphazela kakhulu ukuqina kwezixhobo. Indlela isixhobo esenziwe nesiphathwa ngayo ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla aso kunye nobude baso. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo zokwenza izixhobo eziqinileyo nezithembekileyo.

Iindlela zokuFaka xa kuthelekiswa nokuFaka

Ukubumba nokustampa ziindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokubumba izixhobo zesinyithi. Ukubumba kubandakanya ukubumba isinyithi ngokusebenzisa amandla okucinezela asekuhlaleni. Le nkqubo iphucula isakhiwo seenkozo zesinyithi. Yenza isixhobo esomeleleyo nesihlala ixesha elide. Izixhobo ezibunjiweyo zihlala zibonisa ukumelana nokudinwa okuphezulu kunye namandla empembelelo. Ukustampa, ngokuchaseneyo, kusebenzisa i-press ukusika nokwenza amaphepha esinyithi. Le ndlela ngokubanzi ingabizi kakhulu kwimveliso enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ezibunjiweyo zinokuba nesakhiwo seenkozo esingacocwanga kangako. Oku kunokwenza ukuba zibe sengozini yokuqhekeka koxinzelelo okanye ukugoba xa zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Abavelisi badla ngokukhetha ukubumba izixhobo ezifuna amandla aphezulu kunye nokuchaneka.

Unyango Lobushushu Lweempawu Ezifanelekileyo Zezinto Ezisetyenziswayo

Unyango lobushushu linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuphuculeni iimpawu zezinto. Lubandakanya ukufudumeza nokupholisa iintsimbi phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo. Le nkqubo itshintsha ulwakhiwo lwezinto ezincinci. Kwiingcingo ze-nickel-titanium (NiTi), abavelisi basebenzisa unyango lobushushu kwiindawo ezikude. Kufuneka baphephe ukufudumeza kakhulu.Amaqondo obushushu ajikeleze i-650 °Ckunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni ziimpawu zoomatshini zezinto.

Kwintsimbi engagqwaliyo, unyango oluthile lobushushu luqhelekile. Abavelisi basenokufudumeza intsimbi engagqwaliyo ukuzeImizuzu engama-20 kwi-500 °FEzinye iinkqubo zibandakanya ukufudumeza imizuzu eli-10 kwi-750 °F kunye ne-820 °F. Amaxesha amafutshane okufaka i-anneal kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi nawo anceda intsimbi engagqwaliyo. Unyango lobushushu luchaphazela kakhulu ubulukhuni. Kwi-316L ye-316L yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, unyango lobushushu lunciphise ubulukhuni ukusuka kwi-Ukusuka kwi-0.87 GPa ukuya kwi-0.63 GPaOku kubonisa ukuncipha kokumelana nokuguqulwa kweplastiki. Unyango lobushushu olungaphezulu kwama-650°C kwii-alloys zentsimbi engagqwali ezingama-18-8 lunokubangela ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-crystallization kunye nokwakheka kwe-chromium carbide. Olu tshintsho lunciphisa iipropati zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nokugqwala. Imisebenzi yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kubushushu obuphantsi,phakathi kwama-400°C kunye nama-500°Cimizuzwana emi-5 ukuya kweli-120, misela ukufana kwepropathi kwaye unciphise ukwaphuka kwayo.

Iingubo zomphezulu kunye nonyango lokuqinisa ukuqina

Iingubo zomphezulu kunye nonyango zibonelela ngendlela esebenzayo yokuphucula ukuqina kwezixhobo. Ezi zicelo ziphucula iipropati ezilawulwa ngumphezulu ngaphandle kokuchaphazela iipropati zoomatshini zezinto ezininzi. Zonyusa ukumelana nokugqwala, ukukhululwa kwee-ion, okanye ukuguguleka.

Ukususwa komphunga emzimbeni (i-PVD) yinto eqhelekileyoinkqubo yokufaka i-atomism. Isebenzisa ii-coating ezinobukhulu obuvela kwii-nanometers ukuya kumawaka ee-nanometers. I-PVD ibandakanya iindidi ezifana nokufuma, ukubekwa komphunga we-arc, ukufakwa kwe-sputter, kunye nokutyalwa kwe-ion. I-Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) coating lolunye utshintsho kumphezulu. Inika ukungqubana okuphantsi, ubunzima obukhulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu, kunye nokuhambelana okuhle kwezinto eziphilayo. Ii-PVD coatings zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiifilimu ezincinci ezingagugiyo kwizixhobo zonyango. Ii-PVD coatings ezamkelekileyo kwizixhobo zonyango ziqukaI-TiN, i-ZrN, i-CrN, i-TiAlN, i-AlTiN, i-Blackbond, kunye ne-Tetrabond. Iingubo zeZinc ezisetyenziswa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe bePVDukuphucula ukumelana nokugqwala kweentambo ze-orthodontic zentsimbi engagqwaliyo. Oku kubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwangoku lokugqwala lube sezantsi kwaye ukumelana okuphezulu kwe-polarisation kumathe okwenziwa.

Ukukhetha Izinto Ezisetyenziswa Kwizixhobo Ezithile Zokulungisa Amazinyo

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zePliers kunye neCutters

Iiplasta kunye nee-cutters zifuna izixhobo ezikwaziyo ukumelana namandla amakhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo.Intsimbi engenasici ekumgangatho ophezululukhetho oluqhelekileyo. Iqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuqina, kunye nokuthobela imigaqo yokubulala iintsholongwane. Le nto inika amandla kunye nokuqina okufunekayo kwezi zixhobo. Iipliers zeprimiyamu zihlala zifakaizinto ze-tungsten okanye ze-titaniumEzi zongezo zinika amandla aphuculweyo kunye nobude bexesha, ingakumbi kwimisebenzi yokusika.Izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezuluZibalulekile ukuze zihlale ixesha elide. Zivumela ezi zixhobo ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nokusetyenziswa rhoqo ngaphandle kokuwohloka.

Izixhobo zokubopha kunye nezixhobo zokubeka iibracket

Izixhobo zokubopha kunye nokubeka izibiyeli zifuna ukuchaneka kunye nokuqina. Ezi zixhobo kufuneka zibambe kwaye zibeke ngokukhuselekileyo izinto ezisebenza ngamazinyo. Abavelisi badla ngokusebenzisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo ekumgangatho ophezulu kwezi zixhobo. Ezi zinto zibonelela ngokuqina kunye namandla afunekayo. Zikwamelana nokugqwala okuvela kwimijikelo yokubulala iintsholongwane ephindaphindwayo. Ukukhethwa kwezinto kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zigcina imo kunye nokusebenza kwazo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuvumela ukubekwa ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kweebhendi kunye nezibiyeli.

Izinto Eziqwalaselweyo Kwizixhobo Zokuxilonga Nezokuncedisa

Izixhobo zokuxilonga, ezinje ngabahloli, zifuna iimpawu ezithile zezinto ukuze kugcinwe ukuthembeka kwencam.Intsimbi engenasici ebhityileyo neguquguqukayoyeyona nto iphambili kubahloli bamazinyo. Le nto inegalelo kwincam yabo ebukhali. Ukwakhiwa kwentsimbi enye kwandisa impendulo echukumisekayo. Iqinisekisa ukuba ukungcangcazela kudluliselwa ngokufanelekileyo ukusuka kwisiphelo sokusebenza ukuya kwiminwe yogqirha. Oku kwahlukile kwizixhobo ezinencam efakiweyo.Ukugcinwa kakuhleKubalulekile ekufumaneni i-calculus echanekileyo. Iingcali kufuneka zihlole rhoqo i-shank ukuba azigobanga okanye zonakele. Kufuneka zivavanye nokuba zibukhali besebenzisa intonga yokuvavanya yeplastiki. Umhloli obuthathaka uya kutyibilika, ngelixa obukhali uya kubamba. Ukutshintsha abahloli ababuthathaka okanye abonakeleyo kuthintela ulwazi olungeyonyani ngexesha lovavanyo lomphezulu weengcambu. Ukuqina kwencam, okanye 'ukunamathela,' kubonisa ukuba bukhali kwaye kufumaneke ukubola okusebenzayo ngaphandle kwamandla agqithisileyo. Iingcebiso eziguquguqukayo zilungele uvavanyo lwe-enamel yoxinzelelo lokukhanya ukuthintela umonakalo. Ulwakhiwo oluqinileyo luvumela ukubetheka okuqinileyo ngexesha lokuhlola i-subgingival calculus.Isinyithi esiguquguqukayoisetyenziselwa abahloli abathe ngqo ukuphucula impendulo echukumisekayo. Uyilo olulula lunceda ukufikelela ngqo kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokwaphuka kwesakhiwo xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezineegophe ezintsonkothileyo.

Ukwakheka kwezinto zeDental Orthodontic Instruments ngokuyintloko kumisela ukuqina kwazo. Ukufakwa kwezinto ezinje nge-tungsten carbide, i-titanium, kunye nee-alloys ezikhethekileyo kuphucula kakhulu ubude bexesha kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo. Iingcali zenza ukhetho olunolwazi ngokuqonda la mahluko kwizinto. Oku kuphucula ubomi bezixhobo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwazo kunyango.

FAQ

Yintoni eyenza isixhobo sokulungisa amazinyo sihlale ixesha elide?

Isixhobo esiqinileyo samazinyo esimelana nokuguguleka, ukubola, kunye nokudinwa. Sigcina imo yaso yokuqala kunye nokusebenza kwayo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Izixhobo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu, ukwenziwa ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nokhathalelo olufanelekileyo zonke ezi zinto zinegalelo ekukhuleni kwayo ixesha elide.

Izinto ezifana ne-tungsten carbide zibuphucula njani ubomi bezixhobo?

I-tungsten carbide inzima kakhulu. Abavelisi bayisebenzisela ukusika nokubamba iindawo. Le nto iphucula kakhulu ukumelana nokuguguleka kwaye igcina imiphetho ebukhali. Ivumela izixhobo ukuba zikwazi ukumelana nokusetyenziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nemisebenzi yokusika.

Kutheni i-titanium iyinto elungileyo kwezinye izixhobo zokulungisa amazinyo?

I-Titanium inika ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo kunye nokuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo. Yenza umaleko okhuselayo omelana nolwelo lomzimba. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kunye nomlinganiselo wayo wamandla nobunzima kuyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswaii-archwireskunye nezibiyeli, ingakumbi kwizigulana ezine-allergies.

Iinkqubo zokuvelisa zichaphazela njani ukuqina kwezixhobo?

Iinkqubo zokwenza izinto ezifana nokufakelwa kunye nonyango lobushushu ziyaqinisa izixhobo. Ukufakelwa kuphucula ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi, kuyenze yomelele. Unyango lobushushu lutshintsha ulwakhiwo lwento, luphucula ubulukhuni bayo kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo.

Idlala yiphi indima ukumelana nokugqwala kubomi bexesha elide bezixhobo?

Ukumelana nokugqwala kuthintela izixhobo ukuba zingaboli ngenxa yeekhemikhali okanye ukufuma. Unyango lwe-passivation kunye ne-electropolishing ludala iileya zokukhusela. Ezi leya zinceda izixhobo ukuba zimelane nokubulala iintsholongwane kunye nokusingqongileyo komlomo, zandise ubomi bazo obuluncedo.