Intshayelelo
Ukulungisa i-overbite ngee-orthodontic rubber bands kuxhomekeke kokungaphezulu kuneendlela zonyango kuphela; kukwaxhomekeke ekubeni zenziwa rhoqo kangakanani ezo elastics. Kwiimeko zeKlasi yesiBini, umahluko omncinci kumgangatho we-latex, ukugcinwa kwamandla, ubukhulu, kunye nolawulo lokubulala iintsholongwane kunokuchaphazela intshukumo yamazinyo, intuthuzelo yesigulana, kunye nokuthembeka kweklinikhi. Eli nqaku lihlola ukuba kutheni abavelisi be-orthodontic elastics bebalulekile ekulungiseni i-overbite, yeyiphi imigangatho yemveliso echaphazela ukusebenza, kunye nendlela izigqibo zokufumana ezibumba ngayo iziphumo zonyango. Ekugqibeleni, abafundi baya kuba nombono ocacileyo wezinto zokwenza ezibangela ukuhanjiswa kwamandla okuqikelelweyo, ukhuseleko, kunye nokuhambelana kwemveliso ixesha elide kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ye-orthodontic.
Kutheni abavelisi be-orthodontic elastiki bebalulekile ekulungiseni ukuluma kakhulu
Ulawulo lwe-Class II malocclusions, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-overbites, lumele malunga ne-25% ukuya kwi-30% yazo zonke iimeko ezipheleleyo ze-orthodontic kwihlabathi liphela. Impumelelo ye-biomechanical yale nyango ixhomekeke kakhulu kumgangatho, ukuhambelana, kunye nokuqina kwee-intraoral raber bands. Ngenxa yoko, indima yeizixhobo zokwenza ezizodwakwikhonkco lokubonelela ngamazinyo yinto ebalulekileyo kokubini ukuqikelelwa kweklinikhi kunyeukhuseleko lwesigulana.
Ngenxa yokuba ezi mveliso ze-elastomeric zihlala ziphantsi koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwindawo yomlomo enzima, enomswakama omninzi, naluphi na utshintsho kumgangatho wokuvelisa luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla evekhtha asetyenziswa kwi-dentition. Ukuqonda imigangatho yokusebenza yaba bavelisi kunika amandla amaqela okuthenga kunye neengcali zoogqirha ukuba bafumane izixhobo ezinika iimpendulo ezichanekileyo ze-biomechanical.
Indlela ii-elastiki ezixhasa ngayo ukulungiswa kokuluma kakhulu
Iimechanics ze-Class II elastics zihlala ziquka ukubambelela kwiibhendi zerabha ukusuka kwindawo engaphambili ye-maxillary (ngokuqhelekileyo amazinyo aphezulu) ukuya kwindawo engasemva ye-mandibular (imihlathi esezantsi). Olu lwakhiwo luthile lufuna amandla azinzileyo, aqikelelweyo ukuze abuyisele ngempumelelo i-maxillary segment ngelixa ekhuthaza ukuqhubela phambili kwe-mandibular.
Ukuze kufezekiswe ukushukuma kakuhle kwamazinyo ngaphandle kokubangela ukufunxwa kweengcambu okanye ukwenzakala kwamazinyo, amanqanaba amandla amiselweyo adla ngokuba phakathi kwe-3.5 ounces ukuya kwi-6.5 ounces. Ukuba izinto ze-elastomeric ziwohloka ngokukhawuleza okanye zibonisa ukuthamba okungaguqukiyo, amandla asetyenziswayo ehla ngaphantsi komda wonyango, okubangela ukuba ukulungiswa kokudumba kuthintelwe kwaye kwandise ixesha lonyango ngokubanzi.
Yintoni eyahlula abavelisi ekusebenziseni kwabo eklinikhi
Ukuchaneka kwinkqubo yokuvelisa yeyona nto iphambili eyahlula phakathi kweemveliso ze-elastomeric ezisemgangathweni neze-premium. Ukukhupha kunye nokusika okulandelayo kwetyhubhu yerabha kufuneka kugcine ukunyamezelana okungqongqo, okufuneka rhoqo ukuba kuhlale kumgama ophakathi kwe-+/- 0.05 millimeters. Kwanokutshintsha okuncinci kwindawo enqamlezileyo yebhendi kunokutshintsha kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kwayo kwamandla.
Ukusebenzisana nabantu abaziwayoabavelisi be-orthodontic elastikiiqinisekisa ukuba ezi milinganiselo yokunyamezelana okungqongqo ziyafezekiswa rhoqo kwiiyunithi ezizizigidi. Izibonelelo eziphambili zisebenzisa iinkqubo zokuhlola ezibonakalayo ngokuzenzekelayo ukulahla iibhendi ezinezicucu ezingaqhelekanga, ukuqinisekisa ukuba oogqirha bafumana iimveliso ezifanayo ezisebenza kanye njengoko ziphawuliwe.
Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela ukukhethwa kwemveliso kwimarike
Ukuguquguquka kwekhonkco lobonelelo lwehlabathi jikelele kunefuthe elikhulu ekufumanekeni nasekukhethweni kwee-elastics ze-orthodontic. Ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu—ingakumbi i-latex yerabha yendalo yodidi lotyando kunye nee-polyurethanes ezenziweyo eziphambili—kulawula iindleko ezisisiseko kunye nomgangatho wokusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela.
Abavelisi abavelisa ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-50 zeebhendi ngenyanga kufuneka bahambe kwiimarike zeemveliso eziguquguqukayo ngelixa begcina iishedyuli zemveliso ezingaphazanyiswayo. Abathengi kufuneka bahlole umvelisiuzinzo lwekhonkco lobonelelo, amandla okugcina izinto zasekhaya, kunye nokufunyanwa kwezinto zokwenza izinto ngendlela ecacileyo ukuze kuthintelwe uku-odolwa kwemali okunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kweklinikhi.
Zeziphi iinkcukacha zemveliso abathengi abafanele bazihlolisise
Ukuvavanya iinkcukacha zemveliso linyathelo elibalulekileyo kumaqela okuthenga, iiNtlangano zeNkonzo yaMazinyo (ii-DSO), kunye neengcali zonyango ezizimeleyo. Iimpawu zomzimba kunye nokwakheka kweebhanti zerabha zilawula ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-biomechanical kokulungiswa kwe-overbite kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweklinikhi imihla ngemihla.
| Uhlobo lwezinto | Ukugcinwa Kwamandla Okuqala (iiyure ezingama-24) | Umda wobude | Ubomi obuqhelekileyo beShelufu |
|---|---|---|---|
| ILatex yezonyango yendalo | 70% – 80% | > 500% | Iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 |
| I-Non-Latex (iPolyurethane) | 50% – 60% | ~ 300% | Iminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 |
Uluhlu lwamandla, ubungakanani, ukhetho lwe-latex, kunye nokupakishwa
I-matrix yobukhulu obuqhelekileyo bee-elastics zangaphakathi komlomo ichazwa ngobubanzi bangaphakathi, obuhlala buquka i-1/8″, 3/16″, 1/4″, 5/16″, kunye ne-3/8″. Ezi sayizi zidibene nomlinganiselo othile wamandla, ngokubanzi zahlulwe zibe zii-light (2.5 oz), medium (4.5 oz), medium-heavy (5.5 oz), kunye ne-heavy (6.5 oz), ezilinganiswa ngokuphindwe kathathu ububanzi bazo bokuphumla.
Ukukhokelaabavelisi be-orthodontic elastikibonelelaiikhathalogu ezibanziUkongeza, iindlela zokupakisha ziyahluka ukusuka kwiipakethe zokusasaza ezilungele isigulana ezingama-50 ukuya kwi-100 ukuyaiibhokisi zeklinikhi ezinkuluequlethe ukuya kuthi ga kwiipakethi zezigulane ezingama-50, okuvumela iiklinikhi ukuba ziphucule ulawulo lwazo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ngokusekelwe kumthamo wezigulane.
Ukuqiniswa kwamandla, ukwandiswa, kunye nokubhalwa kwemibala
Ukuwohloka kwamandla luphawu olungenakuphepheka lwazo zonke ii-elastomers, kodwa izinga lokubola liyahluka kakhulu ngokwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. I-latex yendalo esemgangathweni ophezulu idla ngokulahlekelwa yi-20% ukuya kwi-30% yamandla ayo okuqala kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-24 zokusetyenziswa ngomlomo ngenxa yokufunxwa komswakama kunye noxinzelelo oluqhubekayo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ezinye iindlela ezingezizo ze-latex zinokufumana ukwehla kwamandla ngamandla ngama-40% ukuya kuma-50% kwixesha elifanayo.
Ukunciphisa ukudideka ngexesha lokunikezelwa kwezigulane, abavelisi basebenzisa iinkqubo zokubhala imibala. Nokuba zisebenzisa imibala ye-neon ukutsala amehlo abantwana okanye imibala ecacileyo ekhanyayo kwiimeko zabantu abadala, imibala esetyenziswayo kufuneka ingabi nabungozi kwaye ingafi. Ngaphezu koko, ukupakisha ngokwako kudla ngokuba nemibala okanye kuphawulwe ngemizobo yezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo ukuphucula ukuthobela izigulane nokuqinisekisa ukuba kusetyenziswa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zemveliso kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiklinikhi
Ukubaluleka kwezi mpawu zezinto ezibonakalayo akunakugxininiswa kakhulu kwiimeko zokulungiswa kokuluma kakhulu. Ibhendi elastiki ebhalwe ukuba inika amandla angama-4.5 oz kufuneka inikezele ngokuthembeka olo xinzelelo xa ilulwa ukusuka kwinja ephezulu ukuya kwi-molar esezantsi. Ukuba imida yobude ayilunganga, ibhendi inokuqhekeka ngexesha lokuthetha okanye ukuhlafuna.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuba izinto zibonisa ukuguquguquka kweplastiki okugqithisileyo (ukunwebeka ngaphandle kokubuyela kwimo yazo yokuqala), amandla okwenyani ehla ngokukhawuleza ngaphantsi kwe-3.0 oz. Oku kulahlekelwa kukuxinana akukwazi ukoyisa ukumelana kwezinto eziphilayo kwe-periodontal ligament, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iziphumo zeklinikhi zilibaziseke kwaye kufuneke ukuba kwenziwe iintlanganiso rhoqo.
Indlela yokuvavanya iinkqubo ezisemgangathweni, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nomngcipheko
Ukujonga indlela esebenza ngayo imithetho kubaluleke kakhulu xa ukhetha umthengisi we-elastomeric. Ngenxa yokuba iibhendi zerabha ze-orthodontic zihlala kwi-mucosa yomlomo ixesha elide, zihlelwa njengezixhobo zonyango kwaye ziphantsi kwemigaqo engqongqo yomgangatho nokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe.
Iingcali zokuthenga kufuneka zihlole ngokungqongqo amaqabane anokuba ngabavelisi ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa ngokupheleleyo kwale migangatho, ngaloo ndlela zikhusela imibutho yazo ekuthwaleni uxanduva kwaye zikhusele impilo yezigulana.
Iziqinisekiso, ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo, kunye nokulandeleka
Abavelisi abadumileyo basebenza phantsi kwemigangatho ye-ISO 13485:2016, elawula iinkqubo zolawulo lomgangatho ezithile kwizixhobo zonyango. Iimveliso ezisasazwa eMelika kufuneka zithobele imigaqo ye-FDA Class I okanye Class II, kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno ezithile zokuthengisa, ngelixa ezo ziseYurophu zifuna uphawu lwe-CE phantsi koMgaqo weZixhobo zoNyango (MDR).
Ukuhambelana kwezinto eziphilayo kuqinisekiswa ngeenkqubo zovavanyo lwe-ISO 10993, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ii-elastomers azibangeli iimpendulo ze-cytotoxic, sensitivity, okanye ezicaphukisayo. Ngaphezu koko, ukulandeleka okungqongqo kugcinwa ngokunika amanani ezinto ezizodwa kwibhetshi nganye yemveliso. Oku kuvumela izixhobo ukuba zilandele nayiphi na ipakethi eyi-100 ukuya kumhla ochanekileyo, umatshini, kunye nebhetshi yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ngexesha lokudalwa kwayo.
Ukwahluka kwenani, umngcipheko weziphene, kunye nolawulo lwe-allergen
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weklinikhi kufuna ulawulo olungqongqo malunga nokwahluka kwe-lot-to-lot. Izakhiwo zokuvelisa eziphezulu zisebenzisa ulawulo lwenkqubo yezibalo (SPC) ukugcina amazinga eziphene angaphantsi kwe-0.1% (ngaphantsi kwe-1 kwi-1,000 bands). Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba iimeko zokwaphuka kwangaphambi kwexesha, ii-fused bands, okanye ukusika okungafanelekanga azikho phantse kwimveliso yokugqibela ehanjiswayo.
Ulawulo lwe-allergen lubaluleke ngokulinganayo, ngakumbi malunga neeproteni ze-latex. Abavelisi kufuneka bajonge amanqanaba eeproteni ezinokutsalwa kwimigca yabo yerabha yendalo ukunciphisa iingozi zokuziva ukhululekile. Kwimigca engeyiyo i-latex (i-polyurethane), amaziko kufuneka aqinisekise ukwahlulwahlulwa okungqongqo ngokwasemzimbeni—ngokuqhelekileyo esebenzisa amagumbi okukhupha kunye nokusika ahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo—ukuthintela naluphi na ungcoliseko olunokubangela ukusabela okukhulu kwe-anaphylactic kwizigulana ezine-latex allergy.
Indlela izinto ezifumaneka ngayo, amaxabiso, kunye nokwahluka kwezixhobo zokubonelela
Uqoqosho lwezinto ezisetyenziswa ngamazinyo lufuna ukuba abathengi bajonge ngononophelo izinto ezisetyenziswa ekufumaneni izinto, amaxabiso amanqanaba, kunye nokuthembeka kwababoneleli. Nangona ii-elastiki zisetyenziswa kakhulu, ukuphucula ukuthengwa kwazo kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zonyaka.
| Udidi lomthengi | Umthamo oQhelekileyo woMyalelo (Iipakethi) | Ixesha Eliqikelelweyo Lokukhokela | Umqhubi weendleko oyintloko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Uqheliso lwaBucala | 100 – 500 / ikota | Iiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 | Iimpawu zoMsasazi |
| I-Organic yeNkonzo yaMazinyo (i-DSO) | 5,000 – 20,000 / ikota | Iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 | Ukupakishwa Ngokwesiko (i-OEM) |
| Umsasazi weHlabathi | 100,000+ / ikota | Iiveki ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12 | Ukuguquguquka kwezinto eziluhlaza |
Eyona nto ibangela iindleko kwi-orthodontic elastiki
Ixabiso elisisiseko le-orthodontic elastiki liphenjelelwa kakhulu ngamaxabiso eemveliso zezinto eziluhlaza. Amaxabiso emarike yehlabathi jikelele ye-latex yerabha yendalo yotyando kunye ne-polyurethane yokwenziwa yodidi lwezonyango ilawula iindleko eziphambili zezinto ezisisiseko. Ukongeza, ii-agents zokunyanga ezikhethekileyo kunye nezinto ezinombala ezingenatyhefu zongeza kwiindleko zokwenziwa zizonke.
Ngaphaya kwezinto eziluhlaza, ukwehla kwexabiso lezixhobo zokukhupha ezichanekileyo nezisikayo kwenza inxalenye ebalulekileyo yesakhiwo seendleko. Abavelisi kufuneka bahlengahlengise rhoqo kwaye batshintshe iiblade zokusika ukuze bagcine ukunyamezelana okufunekayo kwe-+/- 0.05 mm, iindleko zokulungisa ezithi ekugqibeleni zifakwe kwixabiso lentengiso ngeyunithi nganye.
Indlela abathengisi, ii-DSO, kunye nabasasazi abathelekisa ngayo abathengisi
Iindlela zokuthenga zahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kubukhulu benkampani ethengayo. Iingcali ezizimeleyo zokulungisa amazinyo zihlala zixhomekeke kubasasazi bamazinyo bengingqi ukuze bafumane uluhlu lwamayeza ngexesha elifanelekileyo, zamkela iindleko eziphezulu ngeyunithi nganye (ngokuqhelekileyo i-$1.50 ukuya kwi-$3.00 ngephakheji yesigulana) ngokutshintshiselana nokulula kunye nobungakanani obuphantsi beodolo (ii-MOQ).
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ii-DSO kunye nabasasazi abakhulu basebenzisana ngokuthe ngqo nabavelisi ukuze basebenzise uqoqosho oluphezulu. Ukuqalisa imibuzo ngokusebenzisa ulwazi oluzinikeleyoabavelisi be-orthodontic elastikiIiportals zivumela abathengi abanomthamo omkhulu ukuba bathethe ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu iindleko zepakethi nganye ngelixa beseka iishedyuli zokuhanjiswa ezenzelwe wena ezihambelana noqikelelo lokusetyenziswa kwekota nganye.
Uluhlu olufutshane lwababoneleli kunye namanyathelo ovavanyo lwesampulu
Ukuseka uluhlu olufutshane lwababoneleli oluthembekileyo kubandakanya inkqubo yovavanyo ecwangcisiweyo. Abathengi kufunekacela iisampulu ezibonakalayoukusuka kwiindawo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zokwenza imveliso, kuchazwe ubungakanani obuchanekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo wamandla (umz., i-1/4″ 4.5 oz) esetyenziswa rhoqo kwiikliniki zabo.
Uvavanyo lwesampulu kufuneka luquke uvavanyo lwe-dynamometer olujolise ngqo ukuqinisekisa ukulinganiswa kwamandla okuphindwe kathathu ubukhulu bokuphumla. Iingcali zonyango kufuneka zenze uhlolo olubonakalayo lokusika okucocekileyo, okufanayo kwaye zihlole ukuqina kwezitywina zokupakisha. Okokugqibela, ukuqhuba uvavanyo lweklinikhi olulinganiselweyo kunye neqela elithembekileyo lezigulana kunokubonelela ngengxelo yokwenyani malunga namazinga okuqhekeka kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kwimijikelo yokuguguleka yeeyure ezingama-24.
Yeyiphi indlela yokwenza izigqibo enceda abathengi bakhethe umenzi
Ukuyila isakhelo esiqinileyo sesigqibo kufuna ukuba abathengi badibanise iimfuno ezingqongqo zeklinikhi kunye neenyani ezibanzi zothungelwano lokubonelela. Injongo yokugqibela kukufumana umlambo othembekileyo nongabizi kakhulu wee-elastiki ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezilungiselela ukulungiswa okuqikelelweyo kwe-overbite ngaphandle kokunyusa iindleko zeklinikhi.
Ngokuvavanya ngokucwangcisiweyo amandla omenzi, ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho, kunye neenkcukacha zezinto eziphathekayo, amaqela okuthenga anokutshintsha ukusuka ekuthengeni okukhawulezayo ukuya ekufumaneni izinto ngendlela enobuchule.
Indlela yokuvavanya ukuhambelana kweklinikhi kunye nokunamathela kwesigulana
Ukudibana kokungaguquguquki kweklinikhi kunye nokunamathela kwesigulana kumisela ukusebenza kakuhle konyango ekulungiseni ukudumba kakhulu. Ukuba uhlobo oluthile lwe-elastiki lubonisa amazinga okuphuka angaphezulu kwe-2% okanye lulahlekelwa nguxinzelelo ngokukhawuleza, izigulana ziyadideka kwaye ukuzimisela kwazo ukunxiba iibhendi kuyaphela rhoqo.
Ngoko ke, izigqibo zokuthenga azinakusekelwa kwixabiso leyunithi kuphela. I-elastic engabizi kakhulu efuna ukuba izigulane zisebenzise iibhendi ezintathu ngosuku endaweni yezimbini ekugqibeleni inyusa amaxabiso okusetyenziswa kwaye yandise amaxesha onyango. Abathengi kufuneka balinganisele ukonga kwangaphambili kweendleko ngokuchasene nexabiso leklinikhi lokuguquguquka okuphezulu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla rhoqo.
Iingcebiso zokuthenga ngokohlobo lomthengi
Ukulungelelanisa isicwangciso sokuthenga ngokwe-archetype yentlangano kuvelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo zemali nezeklinikhi. Iikliniki ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi zokulungisa amazinyo kufuneka zibeke phambili abasasazi basekhaya ababonelela ngokwaneliseka okukhawulezileyo, ii-MOQ eziphantsi, kunye neebhrendi ezivavanyiweyo, zeprimiyamu ezineerekhodi ezisemthethweni.
Abathengi abakhulu beziko, ii-DSO, kunye nabasasazi bengingqi kufuneka basebenzise ubungakanani babo ukuze bafumane izivumelwano ezithe ngqo zomenzi. La mashishini kufuneka agxile ekuxoxisaneni ngeekhontrakthi zexesha elide ezithintela amaxabiso ngokuchasene nokuguquguquka kwezinto eziluhlaza, agunyazise izivumelwano zeNqanaba leNkonzo (ii-SLA) ezingqongqo ngamaxesha okufumana isaphulelo, kwaye ahlole amathuba e-OEM okuthengisa iipakethi zezigulane ngobunikazi bazo benkampani.
Ukufunda okungakumbi:
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kunye nesizathu sokuba abavelisi be-orthodontic elastiki
- Iinkcukacha, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuhlolwa komngcipheko okufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele
- Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kunye nezilumkiso abafundi abanokuzisebenzisa ngoko nangoko
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Ziziphi iisayizi ze-elastiki ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ekulungiseni i-overbite?
Iidayamitha zangaphakathi eziqhelekileyo yi-1/8″, 3/16″, 1/4″, 5/16″, kunye ne-3/8″. Kwiimeko ze-Class II overbite, oogqirha badla ngokufanisa ubukhulu namandla e-3.5–6.5 oz ngokusekelwe kwisicwangciso sonyango.
Kutheni umgangatho womenzi ubalulekile kwiibhendi zerabha ze-orthodontic?
Ubukhulu obuncinci okanye utshintsho oluncinci lutshintsha amandla okuhanjiswa kwaye lunokucothisa ukulungiswa kwe-overbite. Abavelisi abathembekileyo bagcina ukunyamezelana okuqinileyo kunye nemigangatho yokuhlolwa ukuze iibhendi zisebenze ngokuhambelanayo njengoko ziphawuliwe.
Ngaba iikliniki kufuneka zikhethe i-latex okanye i-non-latex elastiki?
I-Latex idla ngokuba nokugcinwa okungcono kwamandla iiyure ezingama-24, ngelixa i-non-latex iluncedo kwizigulana ezinobuthathaka be-latex. Khetha ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ze-allergy, ulindelo lokubola kwamandla, kunye neshedyuli yokunxiba emiselweyo.
Yintoni ekufuneka abathengi bayijonge ngaphambi kokuba ba-odole ii-elastiki kwiDenRotary?
Hlaziya uluhlu lwamandla, ububanzi bangaphakathi, i-latex okanye izinto ezingezizo i-latex, ifomathi yokupakisha, ixesha elihlala ixesha elide, kunye nozinzo lokubonelela. Amaphepha emveliso kunye neqela leDenRotary anokunceda ukuhambelana nomthamo weklinikhi kunye neemfuno zetyala.
Iindlela zokupakisha zingayiphucula njani indlela esebenza ngayo iklinikhi?
Iipakethi zezigulana ezinamabhendi angama-50–100 zenza kube lula ukukhupha izitulo ecaleni kwesihlalo, ngelixa iibhokisi ezinkulu zixhasa iindlela ezinkulu zokuphatha kunye nee-DSO. Ukupakisha okufanelekileyo kunciphisa iimpazamo zokubala, konga ixesha, kwaye kunceda ukugcina ulawulo lwesitokhwe.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-20-2026